Abstract: The performance of buildings in the Lushan, Sichuan, M_S7.0 earthquake of April 20, 2013, caused a considerable loss of property. The damage mechanism is analyzed from the seismic conceptual design and aseismic measure. Furthermore, the lessons learned from structures and the damage characteristics for typical buildings are summarized. Analysis results show that the seismic resistance capacity of masonry-timber roof truss buildings and adobe-wood buildings are generally very poor in rural areas. Strict earthquake-resistant measures are needed to guarantee the seismic capacity of masonry buildings and masonry-frame hybrid buildings, so that it must be given a reasonable set of reinforced concrete constructional columns, ring beams and a reasonable set of the number of bearing walls as well as the number and location of openings on bearing walls. The damage of outshoot roof staircases and adding story caused by whipping effect should be avoided.