美国南加州地区1981—2011年MW≥6.0地震前发震应力场与构造应力场趋于一致现象研究

韩晓明, 荣代潞

韩晓明, 荣代潞. 2015: 美国南加州地区1981—2011年MW≥6.0地震前发震应力场与构造应力场趋于一致现象研究. 地震学报, 37(6): 948-958. DOI: 10.11939/jass.2015.06.006
引用本文: 韩晓明, 荣代潞. 2015: 美国南加州地区1981—2011年MW≥6.0地震前发震应力场与构造应力场趋于一致现象研究. 地震学报, 37(6): 948-958. DOI: 10.11939/jass.2015.06.006
Han X M , Rong D L. 2015: Consistency of seismogenic stress field of preshocks to the tectonic stress field before eight earthquakes (MW≥6.0) in southern California of United States from 1981 to 2011. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 37(6): 948-958. DOI: 10.11939/jass.2015.06.006
Citation: Han X M , Rong D L. 2015: Consistency of seismogenic stress field of preshocks to the tectonic stress field before eight earthquakes (MW≥6.0) in southern California of United States from 1981 to 2011. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 37(6): 948-958. DOI: 10.11939/jass.2015.06.006

美国南加州地区1981—2011年MW≥6.0地震前发震应力场与构造应力场趋于一致现象研究

基金项目: 

中国地震局老专家科研基金 201329

中国地震局地震科技星火计划项目 XH15010Y

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    荣代潞, E-mail: rongdl@gssb.gov.cn

  • 中图分类号: P315.72+7

Consistency of seismogenic stress field of preshocks to the tectonic stress field before eight earthquakes (MW≥6.0) in southern California of United States from 1981 to 2011

  • 摘要: 定义了“P轴分布集中度”, 用以研究中强地震前中小地震震源机制变化. 利用美国南加州地区1981—2011年地震的震源机制解资料, 分析了该地区8次MW≥6.0地震前由小震震源机制求得的发震应力场P轴的集中情况. 结果表明, 其中7次地震前均观察到了“P轴分布集中度”值具有极小值, 即小震发震应力场P轴向区域构造应力场主压应力的集中现象, 为中强震预测提供了一种方法.
    Abstract: This paper defines an index called “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” used for analyzing the variation of focal mechanisms of small earthquakes before moderate-strong earthquakes. And then based on the focal mechanism solutions of earthquakes in southern California in the period of 1981—2011, this paper investigates the seismogenic stress field of small events concentrating on the local tectonic stress field before eight main shocks (MW≥6.0) in the southern California. The results show a phenomenon that the “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” has a minimum was observed before seven earthquakes, that is, the seismogenic stress field of small events concentrates on the local tectonic stress field. It provides a method for the risk prediction of moderate-strong earthquakes.
  • 图  1   本文所选取的1981—2011年美国南加州地区MW≥6.0地震分布 (据Globle CMT,2012). 图中地震编号与表 1中编号相对应

    Figure  1.   Distribution of the earthquakes with MW≥6.0 from 1981 to 2011 in southern California of United States(from Globle CMT,2012)used in this paper. The numbers of earthquakes correspond to those listed in Table 1

    图  2   计算“P轴分布集中度”的示意图

    Figure  2.   The schematic diagram for calculating the concentration ratio of P axis distribution

    图  3   P轴分布集中度”ci的时间演化分析示意图

    Figure  3.   The schematic diagram for temporal evolution of “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” ci

    图  4   美国南加州地区MW≥6.0地震的P轴分布 空心圆代表地震P轴,星形代表表 1中所列的地震,数字代表地震编号

    Figure  4.   P axis distribution of the earthquakes with MW≥6.0 in southern California Open circles represent P axis of the earthquakes, solid circles represent the earthquakes in Table 1, and the figures show the serial number of earthquakes

    图  5   美国南加州地区1号(左)和2号(右)地震“P轴分布集中度”计算结果  对每个子图而言,最上面小图表示给定的应力场是主震的发震应力场; 第2—8个小图从上到下分别表示给定的应力场分别为NNW10°(350°),NNW5°(355°),N(0°),NNE5°,NNE10°,NNE15°和NNE20°; 最下面小图表示该主震周围半径250 km范围内MW≥1.5地震的M-t图. 不同颜色的线条表示不同的空间半径R;黄色区域表示“P轴分布集中度”减少的时间段,红色箭头表示主震发生的时间

    Figure  5.   Calculation results of “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” for the No.1(left) and No.2(right)earthquakes in southern California of United States For each panel,the top one shows seismogenic stress field of main shock taken as the given field,the second to the eighth subfigures show the stress field NNW10°(350°),NNW5°(355°),N(0°),NNE5°,NNE10°,NNE15° and NNE20° as the given field,respectively. The bottom one gives the M-t for the main shock(MW≥1.5)in the area with radius 250 km centered. Different lines show different radii. The yellow areas show time interval with “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” reducing. The red arrows show the occurrence time of the main shocks

    图  6   美国南加州地区3号(左)和4号(右)地震“P轴分布集中度”计算结果. 图中说明同图 5

    Figure  6.   Calculation results of “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” for the No.3(left) and No.4(right)earthquakes in southern California of United States. All the illustrations are the same as Fig. 5

    图  7   美国南加州地区5号(左)和6号(右)地震“P轴分布集中度”计算结果. 图中说明同图 5

    Figure  7.   Calculation results of “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” for the No.5(left) and No.6(right)earthquakes in southern California of United States. All the illustrations are the same as Fig. 5

    图  8   美国南加州地区7号(左)和8号(右)地震“P轴分布集中度”计算结果. 图中说明同图 5

    Figure  8.   Calculation results of “concentration ratio of P axis distribution” for the No.7(left) and No.8 (right)earthquakes in southern California of United States. All the illustrations are the same as Fig. 5

    表  1   本文所选取的8次MW≥6.0地震参数(引自Globle CMT,2012)

    Table  1   Parameters of eight MW≥6.0 earthquakes used in this study(after Globle CMT,2012)

    编 号震中位置 发震时间(GMT)震中位置MW断层面解PTB
    年-月-日时:分:秒北纬/°西经/° 走向/°倾角/°滑动角/°走向/°仰角/° 走向/°仰角/° 走向/°仰角/°
    1Laguna Salada region1987-11-2401:54:20.533.02115.696.030590180350026009890
    2Superstition Hills1987-11-2413:16:11.533.02 116.006.5133 781783577881023278
    3Joshua Tree1992-04-2304:50:29.534.07 116.526.18187-1363306118987
    4L and ers1992-06-2811:57:53.034.65 116.657.334170-1722032029684769
    5Big Bear1992-06-2815:05:39.634.27 117.246.5318881783027339387
    6Northridge(T)1994-01-1712:31:03.534.44 118.646.627842652056977329716
    7Hector Mine1999-10-1609:46:59.234.71 116.277.1336801742013292119878
    8Baja California2010-04-0422:41:09.232.31 115.397.222384-2178688333184
     注: 震中位置参考了Freed 等(2007)结果,发震应力场数据根据断层面解计算得出.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   P轴分布集中度”c值减小的时间段以及c值最小值距主震发生的时间

    Table  2   The duration of c-value(concentration ratio of P axis distribution)decreasing and the time internal from the minimum of c-value to the occurrence time of the main shock

    地震编号MWc值减小时间段c值最小的时间主震发震日期 最小c值距主震的时间/mo
    16.01986-10—1987-0519871987-11-2412
    26.51986-10—1987-0519871987-11-2412
    36.11991-08—1991-111991-101992-04-237
    47.31991-08—1991-111991-101992-06-289
    56.51991-08—1991-111991-101992-06-289
    66.61994-01-17
    77.11999-04—1999-071999-051999-10-165.5
    87.22009-05—2009-082009-072010-04-049
    下载: 导出CSV
  • Global CMT. 2012. Global CMT catalog search[EB/OL]. [2015-05-01]. http://www.globalcmt.org/CMTsearch.html.

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2015-05-22
  • 修回日期:  2015-07-12
  • 发布日期:  2015-10-31

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