局部场地条件对新疆地区地震危险性的影响研究

Impact of local site conditions on seismic hazard in Xinjiang region

  • 摘要: 新疆地区地震活动频繁,地质条件复杂,局部场地条件对地震产生的强地面运动和工程震害有重要影响。基于区域剪切波速分布和场地分类资料,研究了新疆地区场地覆盖土层对区域地震危险性的影响。使用第五代 《中国地震动参数区划图》 中的潜在震源三级划分方法和Bindi等提出的区域地震动衰减模型,基于新疆地区场地剪切波速分布和场地分类,给出了新疆地区基岩Ⅰ 1类场地(vS30=742 m/s)和实际场地的50年超越概率63%,10%和2%的地震动峰值加速度PGA及周期为0.2 s,0.5 s和1 s的反应谱加速度Sa的危险性结果。根据地震危险性分析结果考察了不同超越概率下新疆地区Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类场地相对于Ⅰ 1类场地的地震危险性差异,统计得到土层场地不同超越概率水平的地震动参数调整系数。结果表明:受场地覆盖土层影响,PGA以及周期为0.2 s,0.5 s和1 s的反应谱加速度在塔里木和准噶尔盆地等土层较软地区有明显放大作用,而在阿尔泰山、天山和昆仑山脉等硬岩地区,相同超越概率水平的地震动参数有明显的降低。Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类场地反应谱加速度调整系数在不同周期相差较大,呈现出随周期增大而先增大再减小的规律,在周期为0.4 s时调整系数为最大,显示出场地影响在不同周期的显著差异;对于不同超越概率水平,Ⅱ,Ⅲ类场地的地震动调整系数几乎相同,这表明场地调整系数受区域地震危险性水平的影响较小。与第五代 《中国地震动参数区划图》 平均调整系数相比,新疆地区Ⅰ 1类场地的调整系数偏小,而Ⅲ类场地的调整系数则偏大。本研究对于抗震设防中考虑区域场地条件的影响具有参考价值。

     

    Abstract:
    The Xinjiang region in northwestern China is characterized by complex geological structures and frequent seismic activity. The spatial distribution of ground motion intensity and seismic damage to engineering structures in this area is critically governed by local site conditions. To systematically evaluate site effects on ground motion parameter distribution, this study investigates the influence of overlying soil layers on regional seismic hazard using spatial distributions of shear-wave velocity (vS30)and site classification data.
    Adopting the three-level potential seismic source division from Seismic ground motion parameter zonation map of China (5th Generation) and integrating Bindi et al’s regional ground motion attenuation model, we performed probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA)using the OpenQuake engine. Our analysis compares seismic hazard parameters—including peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral accelerations (Sa) at 0.2 s, 0.5 s, and 1.0 s periods—between reference rock sites (Class Ⅰ1, vS30=742 m/s)and actual site conditions. Results are presented for three 50-year exceedance probabilities: 63%(frequent), 10%(design basis), and 2%(maximum considered). Spatial distribution maps were generated, and site-specific adjustment coefficients were statistically derived through comparative analysis of Site Classes Ⅱ/Ⅲ against Class Ⅰ1.
    Key findings reveal:
    1) OpenQuake-derived hazard estimates align with Fifth-Generation Map trends, showing significant PGA/Sa amplification in soft soil basins (Tarim and Junggar)but attenuation in hard rock regions (Altai/Tianshan/Kunlun mountains);
    2) Spectral adjustment coefficients for Classes Ⅱ/Ⅲ exhibit period-dependent variation, peaking at about 0.4 s with maximum values of 1.87 (Class Ⅱ)and 3.15 (Class Ⅲ)under design-level conditions;
    3) Site Class Ⅲ demonstrates far higher amplification effects relative to the reference rock Site Class Ⅰ 1 than dose Site Class Ⅱ. Furthermore, the adjustment coefficients for both site classes show minimal variation across different exceedance probabilities, indicating that regional seismic hazard levels exert negligible influence on site-specific amplification phenomena;
    4) Compared with national averages, Xinjiang-specific adjustment coefficients show reduced values for Class Ⅰ 1 and elevated values for Class Ⅲ, suggesting potential over-conservatism in rock site design and under-estimation for soft soils when applying national standards.
    This study establishes a framework integrating regional site models, attenuation relationships, and probabilistic analysis to characterize site-dependent ground motion variability in Xinjiang. Our results provide critical insights for incorporating site-specific effects into seismic fortification strategies in Xinjiang, particularly for infrastructure resilience in basin regions with thick soil sediments.

     

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