日本<i>M</i><sub>W</sub>9.0地震前的舒曼谐振异常分析

周洪娟; 于海雁; 曹丙霞; 乔晓林

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-3782.2013.03.011

日本M_W9.0地震前的舒曼谐振异常分析

中国山东威海 264209 哈尔滨工业大学威海信息工程学院

基金项目: 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2010DM013)、国家自然科学基金(61201016)、科技部中日合作项目(2012DFG20510)资助.

详细信息

通讯作者:
周洪娟, E-mail:hongjue_zhou@sina.com

中图分类号: P318.5;P352
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-03-20
- 修回日期: 2012-10-30
- 发布日期: 2013-04-30

Schumann resonance anomaly before the M_W9.0 Japan earthquake

School of Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, China

摘要

摘要: 2011年3月11日日本本州岛东海岸附近海域发生了M_W9.0地震. 基于中国云南的舒曼谐振(SR)观测站的磁场观测数据，分析了与该次地震有关的SR疑似异常现象. 分析表明，震前3—4天低阶谐振开始出现比较明显的幅度增强现象，以2011年3月8日(北京时间)这一天的现象最明显，南北向在7:00—10:00和12:00—15:00异常比较明显，而东西向只在12:00—15:00异常相对比较强. 根据对2011年3月1—11日及对应每天前后各15天共41天的数据的联合分析， 3月8日部分时间段的低阶谐振磁场差明显高于一倍甚至两倍标准差; 相比而言，正常的一天内各阶磁场差要明显低于一倍标准差. 最后，根据一些日本地震学者提出的SR异常机理，进一步分析了在云南观测站能观测到日本地震异常的可能性. 结果表明, 在永胜观测站可以观测到日本地震引起的一阶到三阶SR异常，与发现的异常主要集中在低阶的现象比较吻合.
- 舒曼谐振 /
- 谐振幅度 /
- 前兆异常 /
- 闪电源
Abstract: Schumann resonance (SR) anomalies related to the 11 March 2011 giant earthquake near the east cost of Honshu, Japan, were analyzed based on the data from 3 observatories in Yunnan province, China. The result reveals that the resonance amplitude was enhanced 3—4 days before the earthquake, and the most obvious anomalies occurred on March 8, when the anomalies mainly appeared during 7:00—10:00 (Beijing time) and 12:00—15:00 in NS component, and 12:00—15:00 in EW component. Based on a joint analysis of 41 days' (March 1—11 plus 15 days before and 15 days after each day) data, the amplitude increase on March 8 is 1 or 2 times higher than the standard deviation, while the variation on a normal day is far below the standard deviation. In the end, it is proved that anomalies caused by earthquakes in Japan could be observed in Yunnan according to the anomaly mechanism proposed by some Japanese scholars, and the anomalies are mainly first- to third-mode SR anomalies, which are consistent with the observed phenomenon that anomalies mainly occurred in low modes.
- Schumann resonance /
- resonance amplitude /
- precursory anomaly /
- lightning source

HTML全文

本目录中的地震参数来自“中国地震台站观测报告”(简称“月报”). 其中, 国内及邻区给出M≥4.7的事件, 全球给出M≥6.0的事件．“月报”由中国地震台网中心按月做出．

本目录中的发震时刻采用协调世界时(UTC); 为了方便中国读者, 也给出北京时(BTC). 震中位置除给出经纬度外, 还给出参考地区名, 它仅用作查阅参考, 不包含任何政治意义; 还给出测定震源位置的台数(n)和标准偏差(SD)．

面波震级M_S是用中周期宽频带SK地震仪记录, 采用北京台1965年面波震级公式M_S=lg(A_H/T)+1.66 lg(Δ)+3.5(1° < Δ < 130°)求得. A_H是两水平分向最大面波位移的矢量合成位移. M_S₇是对763长周期地震仪记录, 采用国际上推荐的面波震级公式M_S₇=lg(A_V/T)+1.66 lg(Δ)+3.3(20° < Δ < 160°)求得. A_V是垂直向面波最大地动位移. m_b是短周期体波震级, M_L是近震震级. 为避免混乱, 震级之间一律不换算．为方便读者,还给出美国NEIC定出的面波震级M_SZ和短周期体波震级m_b．

表 1 中国及邻区地震目录(2014年7—8月, M≥4.7)

Table 1. Catalog of earthquakes within and near China (July-August, 2014, M≥4.7)

下载: 导出CSV
| 显示表格

表 2 全球地震目录(2014年7—8月， M≥6.0)

Table 2. Catalog of earthquakes all over the world (July--August， 2014， M≥6.0)

下载: 导出CSV
| 显示表格

图 1 正常的SR频谱图

Figure 1. Normal SR spectrum

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 通海观测站观测到的SR频谱图

Figure 2. SR spectrum of the NS component of magnetic field measured at Tonghai observatory

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 南北向(a)和东西向(b)磁场一阶到四阶谐振功率谱密度在1年内(2011)的均值及变化范围

Figure 3. Yearly variation (2011) of resonance power spectral density of NS (a) and EW (b) components

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 2011年3月1—11日永胜南北向(a)和东西向(b)功率谱密度差时频图

Figure 4. Time-frequency display of NS-component (a) and EW-component (b) power spectral density difference from March 1 to 11,2011

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 异常的(2011年3月8日)和正常的(2011年2月28日)功率谱密度与31天的平均功率谱密度的对比

(a) 3月8日7:00—10:00; (b) 3月8日12:00—15:00; (c) 2月28日12:00—15:00

Figure 5. Abnormal (March 8,2011) and normal (February 28,2011) power spectral density compared with 31 days′ averaged power spectral density

(a) 7:00—10:00 on March 8; (b) 12:00—15:00 on March 8; (c) 12:00—15:00 on February 28

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 异常的(2011年3月8日)和正常的(2011年2月28日)功率谱密度差与31天功率谱密度的标准差的对比

(a) 3月8日7:00—10:00； (b) 3月8日12: 00—15:00; (c) 2月28日12:00—15:00

Figure 6. Abnormal (March 8,2011) and normal (February 28,2011) power spectral density difference compared with standard deviation of 31 days′ power spectral density

(a) 7:00—10:00 on March 8； (b) 12:00—15:00 on March 8; (c) 12:00—15:00 on February 28

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 正常一天的由雷暴源而非地震引起的异常现象

Figure 7. Anomalous phenomena caused by lightning storms instead of earthquakes on a normal day

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 永胜观测站观测到的前五阶谐振异常所对应的震源位置简图

(a) 散射与直达波波程差为1/4谐振波长； (b) 散射与直达波波程差为1/2谐振波长

Figure 8. Focus positions of the earthquakes possibly causing first- to fifth-mode resonance anomalies observed by Yongsheng observatory

(a) The path difference between direct and scattering waves is equal to 1/4 wavelength; (b) The path difference between direct and scattering waves is equal to 1/2 wavelength

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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施引文献(6)

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