Electromagnetic anomalies before the 2013 Lushan MS7.0 earthquake
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摘要: 对南北地震带18个地电场及电磁扰动观测台站进行了跟踪与研究， 2013年4月20日四川芦山MS7.0地震前只有其中5个台站观测到了异常电磁信号. 研究表明, 地震前的这些异常信号时空分布非常不均匀. 在时间上表现出震前电磁异常信号在出现的台站上不是同步的， 且随着时间的推移有向震中方向迁移的趋势； 在空间上体现在成都以北的台站都没有记录到震前电磁异常信号， 主要出现在成都及其以南的一些台站. 芦山MS7.0地震前地震电磁信号出现的最早时间是震前21天， 其次是震前16天； 临震时间则为震前5天、 4天和1天. 通过接地极注入地下的大电流以及以往的震例分析， 认为仙女山台是又一个比较突出的电磁信号观测的敏感点.Abstract: This paper studies the geoelectric field and electromagnetic disturbance observed at the eighteen stations laid out in the South-North Seismic Belt in China. Before the 20 April 2013 Lushan MS7.0 earthquake, only at the five stations were abnormal electromagnetic disturbance signals recorded. The study shows that the electromagnetic signals are distributed heterogeneously in space-time, and they do not appear synchronously at different stations, which migrate toward near the epicenter with time. In spatial distribution, the abnormal signals before the earthquake were recorded only at several stations to the south of Chengdu station (including Chengdu station), but not recorded at the stations to the north of Chengdu. Before the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake the earliest lead time of the signals is 21 days, and then 16 days. Immediately before the event the lead times are 5 days, 4 days and 1 day, respectively. By studying the signals originated from grounding electrode 4 500 A current and some earthquake examples, Xiannüshan station is considered as a new sensitive site for the electromagnetic observation.
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图 1 芦山MS7.0地震震中位置及其周边地电场和电磁扰动台站示意图
Figure 1. Epicentral location of the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake as well as distribution of geoelectric field and electromagnetic disturbance sites
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图 2 地电场观测中电极布设方式示意图
Figure 2. Layout of electric dipoles in geoelectric field observation
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图 3 2013年3月30日曲江台记录到的地电场异常信号
Figure 3. Abnormal signals of geoelectric field recorded at Qujiang station on 30 March 2013
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图 4 2013年4月4日重庆仙女山台地电场异常信号
Figure 4. Abnormal signals of the geoelectric field recorded at Xiannüshan station on 4 April 2013
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图 5 2013年4月4日重庆仙女山台电磁扰动异常信号
Figure 5. Abnormal signals of the electromagnetic disturbance recorded at Xiannüshan station on 4 April 2013
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图 6 2013年4月19日成都地电场台记录到的异常信号
Figure 6. Abnormal signals of geoelectric field recorded at Chengdu station on 19 April 2013
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图 7 2013年4月17日盐源台记录到的异常地电场信号
Figure 7. Abnormal signals of geoelectric field recorded at Yanyuan station on 17 April 2013
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图 8 2013年4月16日小庙台观测到的异常地电场信号
Figure 8. Abnormal signals of geoelectric field recorded at Xiaomiao station on 16 April 2013
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图 9 2012年11月26日小庙台记录到的矩形地电场信号(a)及仙女山台南北向短极距观测曲线(b)
Figure 9. Rectangle signals of geoelectric field recorded at Xiaomiao station (a) on 26 Nov. 2012, which were also recorded at Xiannüshan station (b)
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图 10 2013年1月21日小庙台(a)和仙女山台(b)南北向长极距观测曲线
Figure 10. Geoelectric curves on the NS long dipoles observed at Xiaomiao station (a) and Xiannüshan station (b) on 21 January 2013
表 1 芦山MS7.0地震前西南地区地电场异常信息表
Table 1 The abnormal signals of geoelectric field observed in Southwest China before Lushan MS7.0 earthquake
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