迭代累积平方和算法与自回归赤池准则算法在地震信号到时估算中的比较研究

何燕; 靳平; 肖卫国; 王红春

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-3782.2014.02.006

迭代累积平方和算法与自回归赤池准则算法在地震信号到时估算中的比较研究

中国西安 710024 西北核技术研究所

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41174033)资助.

详细信息

通讯作者:
靳平, E-mail: jinping6608@tom.com

中图分类号: P315.3⁺1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-12-04
- 修回日期: 2013-05-04
- 发布日期: 2014-02-28

A comparative study between ICSS and AR-AIC algorithms on onset time estimation for seismic signals

Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology， Xi’an 710024, China

摘要

摘要: 介绍了不同于自回归赤池准则算法(AR-AIC)的另外一种到时估算方法累积和法(CUSUM). 作为一种序贯分析方法，累积和法主要用于满足一定噪声假设且相对稳定的数据序列中，用以检测其发生异常改变的信号到时位置. 其中重点介绍了改进后的累积和算法迭代累积平方和算法(ICSS)的基本原理及其在区域震到时估算方面的应用实例，并将其与AR-AIC算法的到时估算结果进行了比较分析. 分析结果表明，相对于AR-AIC算法， ICSS算法在对区域震S波和Lg波的到时估算方面具有估算误差小、计算时间短的优势，具有一定的应用价值.
- 地震信号 /
- 累积和 /
- 到时估算 /
- 时效性对比
Abstract: This paper introduces another onset time estimation method, cumulative sum algorithm (CUSUM for short), which is different from AR-AIC algorithm. As a sequential analysis method, CUSUM is mainly used to detect the onset time of anomalous signals with the assumption that background noises are quasi-stationary. This paper mainly introduces the improved CUSUM method,iterative cumulative sums of squares algorithm (ICSS for short) and its application to onset time estimation for regional seismic signals. The results indicate that, in comparison with AR-AIC algorithm, ICSS algorithm has a certain advantage of minor error in estimating onset times of regional S and Lg waves, and it takes less time to compute than AR-AIC algorithm.
- seismic signal /
- cumulative sum /
- onset time estimation /
- timeliness comparison

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图 1 某区域震记录及ICSS算法到时估算结果

(a) 原始地震信号波形； (b) 滤波后的地震信号波形； (c) 经1次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (d) 经2次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (e) 经3次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (f) 经4次迭代后的ICSS曲线

Figure 1. A regional earthquake record and onset time estimation results by ICSS

(a) Original seismic waveform； (b) Filtered seismic waveform； (c) ICSS curve after the first iteration； (d) ICSS curve after the second iteration； (e) ICSS curve after the third iteration； (f) ICSS curve after the fourth iteration

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图 2 改变估算条件后的某区域震记录及ICSS算法到时估算结果

(a) 滤波后的地震信号波形； (b) 经1次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (c) 经2次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (d) 经3次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (e) 经4次迭代后的ICSS曲线； (f) 经5次迭代后的ICSS曲线

Figure 2. A regional earthquake record and onset time estimation results by ICSS after the estimation conditions are modified

(a) Filtered seismic waveform； (b) ICSS curve after the first iteration； (c) ICSS curve after the second iteration； (d) ICSS curve after the third iteration； (e) ICSS curve after the fourth iteration； (f) ICSS curve after the fifth iteration

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图 3 到时估算时间窗选取对比

Figure 3. Comparison of time windows selection for onset time estimation

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图 4 结合地震信号自动处理方法后的ICSS算法到时估算结果

(a) 原始地震信号波形； (b) P波估算的ICSS曲线； (c) S波估算的ICSS曲线； (d) Lg波估算的ICSS曲线

Figure 4. The onset time estimation results by ICSS combined with automatic seismic signal processing method

(a) Original seismic waveform； (b) ICSS curve of P wave onset time estimation； (c) ICSS curve of S wave onset time estimation； (d) ICSS curve of Lg wave onset time estimation

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图 5 ICSS (a)和AR-AIC (b)算法所得到的震相到时估算误差分布以及各震相(P, S, Lg)的误差分布对比情况(c)

Figure 5. Distribution of the errors in onset time estimation using ICSS (a) and AR-AIC (b) methods as well as comparison of error distributions for onset time estimation of all phases (including P, S, Lg) (c)

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图 6 台站及震中位置分布

Figure 6. Location of stations (triangles) and epicenters (circles)

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图 7 ICSS (a)和AR-AIC (b)算法所得到的震相到时估算误差与信噪比关系

Figure 7. Relationship between errors in onset time estimation and SNRs by using ICSS (a) and AR-AIC (b) methods

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表 1 (a) Original seismic waveform； (b) ICSS curve of P wave onset time estimation； (c) ICSS curve of S wave onset time estimation； (d) ICSS curve of Lg wave onset time estimation

Table 1 Statistic results of the errors in onset time estimation using ICSS and AR-AIC methods

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