Structural features and activity in the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone
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摘要: 在野外实测工作基础上， 对香山北缘活动断裂带东段自晚更新世以来的水平活动强度分时、 分段进行了研究. 结果表明， 该断裂带东段自晚更新世以来， 总体水平活动强度不大： 晚更新世早—中期水平位移速率为1.44 mm/a， 晚期水平位移速率为0.53 mm/a， 全新世水平位移速率为1.01 mm/a. 该断裂带左旋走滑强度在走向上具有不均一性， 而且其活动强度的最大部位(活动中心)随时间向东发生迁移， 碱沟—刘岗井次级断层是现今活动强度最大的次级断层.Abstract: Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone, mainly characterized by sinistral strike-slip faults with a little dip-slip component in the Holocene, is one of the important active faults of arc structural belt in the northeast margin of Tibetan Plateau. The fault zone consists of nine discontinuous secondary faults and is divided into eastern and western segment by the Yiwanquan discontinuity. Based on the field survey, the study on active intensity of the eastern segment of the fault zone since the Late Pleistocene has been conducted in different periods. The results show that the active intensity of the east segment since the Late Pleistocene is not strong because the average horizontal displacement rates are 1.44, 0.53 and 1.01 mm/a in early-middle stage of Late Pleistocene, late stage of Late Pleistocene, and Holocene, respectively. The sinistral strike-slips of the faults distribute inhomogeneously along the strike, and the location of the maximal slip (the center of the activation) displaced eastward, resulting in the Jiangou-Liugangjing secondary fault being the most active part up to now.
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图 1 香山北缘活动断裂带地理位置图
F1： 景泰小红山次级断层； F2： 罐罐岭次级断层； F3： 沙井次级断层； F4： 中卫小红山次级断层； F5： 青山—孤山子次级断层； F6： 西梁头—长流水沟口次级断层； F7： 窑沟—粉石沟次级断层； F8： 窟窿山—碱沟次级断层； F9: 碱沟—刘岗井次级断层
Figure 1. Geographical location of the Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone
F1： Xiaohongshan secondary fault in Jingtai； F2： Guanguanling secondary fault； F3： Shajing secondary fault； F4： Xiaohongshan secondary fault in Zhongwei； F5： Qingshan-Gushanzi secondary fault； F6： Xiliangtou- Changliushuigou mouth secondary fault； F7： Yaogou-Fenshigou secondary fault； F8： Kulongshan-Jiangou secondary fault； F9： Jiangou-Liugangjing secondary fault
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图 2 大堆堆沟探槽东壁剖面图
① 全新统浅灰色亚黏土； ② 全新统粗砾石层； ③ 全新统细砾石层； 14C： 年龄样品采集位置
Figure 2. Profile of the eastern wall of the Daduiduigou trench
① Light-gray mild clay of the Holocene; ② Coarse gravel layer of the Holocene; ③ Fine gravel layer of the Holocene; 14C： Location of sample for 14C dating
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图 3 F6与F7断层及其野外特征
(a) 长流水沟石炭纪地层逆冲于晚更新世地层之上(镜向东)； (b) 窑沟石炭纪地层 逆冲于中新世地层之上(镜向西)
Figure 3. Faults F6 and F7 and their field characteristics
(a) Carboniferous overlaps on top of Upper Pleistocene in Changliushuigou (view to the east); (b) Carboniferous overlaps on top of Miocene in Yaogou (view to the west)
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图 4 红谷梁断层剖面图
Q3p: 上更新统黄土夹砾石层； N1: 中新统砂砾岩； C3: 上石炭统砂岩夹煤线； O2-3: 中上奥陶统灰绿色砂岩
Figure 4. Profile of Hongguliang fault
Q3p: Layer of loess intercalated with gravel of Upper Pleistocene; N1: Sandy conglomerate of Miocene; C3: Sandstone intercalated with coal seam of Upper Carboniferous; O2-3: Gray green sandstone of Middle-Upper Ordovician
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图 5 刘岗井探槽西壁剖面图
① 全新统黏质砂土； ② 全新统砂砾石层； ③ 上更新统中细砾石层； ④ 中新统紫红色泥岩、 粉砂岩
Figure 5. Profile of the western wall of Liugangjing trench
① Clayey sand of Holocene; ② Sand and gravel layer of Holocene; ③ Fine to medium grained gravel layer of Upper Pleistocene; ④ Purple-red mudstone and siltstone of Miocene
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图 6 碱沟—阴洞沟中新统与中上奥陶统不整合面水平位移图
Q3eolp： 上更新统风积黏质砂土； N1： 中新 统黏质砂土； O2-3： 中上奥陶统砂岩
Figure 6. Horizontal displacement of unconformity between Miocene and Middle-Upper Ordovician in Jiangou-Yindonggou
Q3eolp： Aeolian clayey sand of Upper Pleistocene; N1： Clayey sand of Miocene; O2-3： Sandstone of Middle-Upper Ordovician
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图 7 香山北缘活动断裂带东段各次级断层内不同级别冲沟水平位移量(Y)示意图
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of horizontal displacements of different level gullies in each secondary fault of the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone
表 2 香山北缘活动断裂带东段水平位移统计表
Table 2 Statistics of horizontal displacements in the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone
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表 3 香山北缘活动断裂带东段各级冲沟的水平位移量
Table 3 The horizontal displacement of different level gullies in the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone
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表 4 香山北缘活动断裂带东段不同时间点以来的水平位移速率
Table 4 Horizontal displacement rates of the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone since 100, 30, 9 ka BP
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表 5 香山北缘活动断裂带东段不同时期的水平位移速率
Table 5 Horizontal displacement rates of the east segment of Xiangshan northern margin active fault zone in different periods
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